Caresse Crosby
| |
|---|---|
Caresse Crosby and her whippet, Clytoris
| |
| Born |
Mary Phelps Jacob
April 20, 1891
New Rochelle, New York, U.S.
|
| Died | January 26, 1970 (aged 78) |
| Nationality | American |
| Other names | Polly Jacob, Polly Peabody |
| Occupation | Publisher, activist, writer |
| Known for | Inventor of the modern bra Co-founder, Black Sun Press |
Notable work
| Portfolio: An Intercontinental Quarterly |
| Spouse(s) |
Richard R. Peabody
(m. 1915; div. 1922)
Harry Crosby
(m. 1922; his death 1929)
Selbert Young
(m. 1937; div. 1939) |
| Children |
|
| Parent(s) | William Hearn Jacob Mary Phelps Jacob |
Caresse Crosby (born Mary Phelps Jacob; April 20, 1891 – January 26, 1970)[1] was the first recipient of a patent for the modern bra,[2] an American patron of the arts, publisher, and the "literary godmother to the Lost Generation of expatriate writers in Paris." She and her second husband, Harry Crosby, founded the Black Sun Press, which was instrumental in publishing some of the early works of many authors who would later become famous, among them Ernest Hemingway, Archibald MacLeish, Henry Miller, Anaïs Nin, Kay Boyle, Charles Bukowski, Hart Crane, and Robert Duncan.
Crosby's parents, William Hearn Jacob and Mary (née Phelps) Jacob, were both descended from American colonial families—her father from the Van Rensselaer family, and her mother from William Phelps. In 1915, Mary (nicknamed Polly) married Richard R. Peabody, another blue-blooded Bostonian whose family had arrived in New Hampshire in 1635. They had two children, but following Richard's service in World War I, he became a drunk who loved to watch buildings burn.[3]:79 She met Harry Crosby, who was 7 years her junior, at a picnic in 1920 while her husband was still with the army in Europe, and they had sex within two weeks. Their public relationship scandalized proper Boston society. Two years later, Richard granted her a divorce, and Harry and Polly were married. They immediately left for Europe, where they joined the Lost Generation of American expatriates. They embraced a bohemianand decadent lifestyle, living off Harry's trust fund of US$12,000 a year[4]:397 (or about $171,000 in today's dollars), had an open marriage with numerous ongoing affairs, a suicide pact, frequent drug use, wild parties, and long trips abroad. At her husband's urging, Polly took the name Caresse in 1924. In 1925, they began publishing their own poetry as Éditions Narcisse in exquisitely printed, limited-edition volumes. In 1927, they re-christened the business as the Black Sun Press.[5]
In 1929, one of her husband's affairs culminated in his death as part of a murder-suicide or double suicide. His death was marked by scandal as the newspapers speculated wildly about whether Harry shot his lover or not. Caresse returned to Paris, where she continued to run the Black Sun Press. With the prospect of war looming, she left Europe in 1936 and married Selbert Young, an unemployed, alcoholic actor 16 years her junior. They lived on a Virginia plantation they rehabilitated outside Washington, D.C., until she divorced him. She moved to Washington, D.C. and began a long-term love affair with black actor-boxer Canada Lee, despite the threat of miscegenation laws. She founded Women Against Warand continued, after World War II, to try to establish a Center for World Peace at Delphi, Greece. When rebuffed by Greek authorities, she purchased Castello di Rocca Sinibalda, a 15th-century castle north of Rome, which she used to support an artists' colony. She died of pneumonia related to heart disease in Rome, in 1970.
沒有留言:
張貼留言